Since the formulation and development of standards will help enhance the market's confidence in the performance of solid-state lighting (SSL), the US Department of Energy (DOE) closely cooperates with standards-setting organizations and provides technical assistance and support. This support includes assistance with product performance testing, statistical evaluation, data collection and analysis, and documentation development. Its purpose is to accelerate the development and implementation of the standards required for SSL products.

 

Below are current and ongoing standards and white papers on SSL. (Document information and information listed below are for reference only. Some are not covered by DOE-supported work, or are not yet applicable to industry.)

 

ANSI C78.377-2011, Chromaticity Specification for SSL Products, specifies the recommended color range for white LEDs at various correlated color temperatures. Color range and color temperature are critical to lighting designers.

 

ANSI C136.37-2011, The use of SSL in road and area lighting, defines the requirements for road and non-road use of SSL lamps, including interchangeability, operating temperature range, color, installation regulations, wiring usage, etc.

 

CIE127-2007, Measurement of LEDs, describes the measurement conditions for the spectrum, luminous flux, and intensity distribution for individual low-power LEDs.

 

CIE177-2007, Color rendering of white LED light sources, describes the application of LEDs to existing color reproduction indicators, and recommends the development of improved indicators.

 

IEC/TR61341:2010, Measurement method of central beam intensity and beam angle (s) of luminaires with reflectors, introduces the method of measuring and standardizing the beam angle and intensity of luminaires with reflectors. This measurement standard applies to LED-based reflector luminaires in a wide range of lighting.

 

IEC62031, Safety specification for LED modules for general lighting, describes the general and safety requirements for LED modules.

 

IEC/TS62504:2011, Terms and Definitions of LEDs and LED Modules for General Lighting Services

 

IEC62560:2011, Safety specification for self-ballasted LED luminaires with voltage >50 V in general lighting service

 

IEC62612:2013, Performance requirements for self-ballasted LED luminaires with voltages >50 V in general lighting services

 

IEC/PAS62717, Performance requirements for LED modules for general lighting

 

IES G-2, Light (“White”) Light in General Lighting – Guidelines for the Application of Light Emitting Diode (LED) Technology, presents technical information and application guidance for LED products

 

IES LM-79-2008, an electrical and photometric test method approved for solid-state lighting equipment, enables the calculation of the luminous efficacy of LED luminaires (dividing the net light output data by the input power of the luminaire to measure lumens per watt). Luminaire efficacy is the most reliable method to measure the performance of LED products. It measures the performance of luminaires as a whole, replacing the traditional method of measuring luminaire efficiency that relies on separate lamp ratings. LM-79 can help establish a benchmark for accurately comparing the performance of luminaires, not only for solid-state lighting, but for all light sources.

 

IES LM-80-2008, an approved method for measuring lumen depreciation of LED light sources, defines a method for testing lamp depreciation. LED packages, and most light sources, lose their brilliance over time, which is known as lumen decay. However, due to the traditionally long lifetime of LED packages, they may become unusable before actual failure, which requires a special definition. LM-80 establishes a standard method for LED light decay testing. It is important to note that the specific level of light to which an LED light source depreciates, however, should not be interpreted as a measure of the life of the luminaire as other failure modes may also exist and in most cases will shorten its life.

 

IES LM-82-2012, an approved method for describing the electrical and photometric performance of LED light engines and LED lamps as a function of temperature, provides a method for measuring the lumen depreciation of light engine products at different temperatures to support the establishment of consistent testing Methods to help lamp manufacturers determine the reliability and life characteristics of LED lamps, thereby helping manufacturers in the selection of LED light engines and lamps.

 

IES LM-84-2014, Measuring Luminous Flux and Color Maintenance of LED Lamps, Light Engines and Luminaires, provides methods for measuring luminous flux and color maintenance of integrated and non-integrated LED lamps, light engines and luminaires. The method is established under consistent environmental conditions throughout the laboratory to achieve reproducible and reliable results.

 

IES RP-16 Appendices A and B, Lighting Engineering Terms and Definitions, provide standard definitions of relevant solid-state lighting industry terms.

 

IES TM-21-2011, LED light source long-term projected lumen maintenance rate, projected lumen maintenance is based on the specified recommended method of LM-80-2008 LED collection data.

 

IES TM-28-2014, Long-term Projected Luminous Flux Maintenance of LED Lamps and Luminaires, provides guidance and recommends sampling procedures, test intervals and durations, and methods for testing LED lamps and luminaires for long-term projected luminous flux maintenance.

 

NEMA LSD45-2009, Recommendations for Assembly Interfaces of the Solid-State Lighting Luminaire Division, provides application guidance for the design and construction of solid-state lighting connections (plugs).

 

NEMA LSD49-2010, Incandescent Lamp Replacement for Solid-State Lighting—Best Dimming Practices, provides recommendations for the application of spiral dimming incandescent lamp replacements for solid-state lighting products.

 

NEMA SSL-1-2010, Electronic Drivers for LED Devices, Arrays, or Systems, provides specifications and operating characteristics of non-integral electronic drivers (power supplies) for LED devices, arrays, or systems for a wide range of luminaire applications.

 

NEMA SSL3-2010, Classification of High Power White LEDs for General Lighting, provides a consistent format for the classification (binning) of LEDs for production and integration into lighting products.

 

NEMA SSL 4-2012, SSL Retrofit Lamps: Minimum performance requirements for overall LED lamps, including performance standards for consumables such as color, light output, operating voltage, lumen maintenance, size and electrical characteristics.

 

NEMA SSL-6-2010, Incandescent Lamp Replacement for Solid-State Lighting - Dimming, provides guidance for those working with solid-state lighting products seeking to design and build, or intend to retrofit, screw-base lamp systems that previously used incandescent lamps. Dimming of these products and the interaction between dimming (controls) and bulbs (lamps) are addressed.

 

SEMI HB1-0113, the specification for sapphire wafers, is intended for the manufacture of high brightness light emitting diode devices.

 

NEMA SSL7A-2013, Phase-Cut Dimming for Solid-State Lighting: Basic Compatibility, provides requirements for compatibility when a phase-cut dimmer is compatible with one or more dimmable LED light engines (LLES).

 

UL8750, Safety Standard for Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) for Lighting Products Applications, specifies minimum safety requirements for SSL components, including LEDs and LED arrays, power supplies and control circuits.

 

UL1598C, Safety Standard for Light Emitting Diode (LED) Retrofit Luminaire Conversion Kits, specifies the safety requirements for replacing existing lighting sources with LED products.

 

Standards in Development or Under Revision under development and revision

 

ANSI C82.XX, LED driver test method.

 

CIE TC1-69, Color Quality Scale, provides a more efficient method of color characterization for lighting products containing LEDs

 

CIETC2-50, Measurement of optical properties of LED clusters and arrays.

 

CIE TC2-63, Optical measurement of high power LEDs.

 

CIE TC2-64, High-speed test method for LEDs.

 

IEC/TS 62504:201x, General lighting - LEDs and LED modules - Terms and definitions.

 

IEC 62031:201x, LED modules for general lighting - Safety specifications

 

IEC 62560:201x, Safety specifications for self-ballasted LED luminaires for voltages >50 V in general lighting services

 

IEC62663-1:201X, Unballasted LED Lamps - Safety Specifications.

 

IEC62663-2:201X, Unballasted LED lamps - Performance requirements.

 

IEC62717:201X, LED modules for general lighting - Performance requirements.

 

IEC62776:201X, Double-capped LED lamps for general lighting services - Safety specification.

 

IEC62838:201X, safety specification for the power supply voltage of self-ballasted LED lamps in general lighting services not exceeding AC 50V or DC 120V.

 

IEC/ TS62861, Reliability test of main components in LED products.

 

IEC/62868, Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) panels <50 V for general lighting - Safety specifications.

 

IEEEEP1789, Biological Effects and Health Hazards of Flickering.

 

IESLM-79-2008, LED luminaire testing, currently under review

 

IES LM-80-2008, LED Light Source Lumen Decay Test, is currently under review.

 

LM-85, Reliability Performance Testing of LED Packages.

 

LM-86, Luminous Flux and Color Maintenance Testing of Remote Phosphor Devices.

 

LM-XX4, recognized as a method for electrical and photometric measurements of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) light sources.

 

SEMI Draft document 5420A, Specification for 150 mm Opening Plastic and Metal Wafer Cassettes for Fabrication of HB-LED Devices.

 

SEMI Device Automation TF Documentation. 5469, High Brightness LED Manufacturing Equipment Communication Interface (HB-LED ECI) Specification.

 

SEMI equipment automation TF document 5529, used for high brightness LED manufacturing equipment (HB-LED JMMM) specification operation management and material management.

 

TM-26, Rated life assessment of LED products (combining failure modes such as lumen decay).

 

Over time, these or other criteria will take the guesswork out of comparing product performance, making it easier for lighting manufacturers, designers and distributors to choose the best product for their projects. Industry experts continue to do the hard work of setting the standard, and they contribute a growing body of information that will help support innovation in solid-state lighting, as well as market adoption and growth.